On Monday 5th February, Train to target (T2T) Early Stage Researchers (ESR) attended the webinar “Envelope biogenesis and signaling systems” by Prof. Jean-François Collet. The presentation aimed to disclose the key components of the complex macromolecular structure of the Gram-negative bacteria cell envelope. Gram-negative bacteria possess a complex envelope. In addition to the inner cytoplasmic membrane, the bacteria have an extra membrane layer that faces the external environment and provides a formidable barrier against antibiotics. Prof. Collet presented an overview of the biogenesis of this cell envelope and the diverse structures immersed in it. He detailed the function, synthesis and transportation machineries of: peptidoglycan, lipopolysaccharides, phospholipids and membrane proteins (lipoproteins, beta-barrel proteins and soluble proteins). Also, he highlighted the remaining open questions of the scientific community on those subjects. Giving answer to some of those questions is the principal objective of the T2T program and main goal of the ESR´s PhD projects. Without the slightest doubt, this lecture was a very interesting starting point of the remote training sessions. We are looking forward to the next one. Acknowledgements to Pilar Garcia del Vello Moreno (ESR10) for writing this webinar report. Szewczyk, J., and Collet J.F. (2016) The Journey of Lipoproteins Through the Cell: One Birthplace, Multiple Destinations. Advances in Microbial Physiology 69, 1-50.
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